Abstract
Seasonal effects on microbial transformation rates of an herbicide, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid butoxyethyl ester (2,4-DBE), in a freshwater stream were investigated using low concentrations (less than 100 μg L-1) of the herbicide mixed with an inert dye, rhodamine WT, to correct for dilution. Although water temperatures decreased from 22 ± 0.5 to 8.0 ± 0.5 °C and water velocities decreased from 0.09 ± 0.01 to 0.03 ± 0.003 m s-1, microbial transformation rates, as indicated by pseudo-first-order transformation rate coefficients, increased as much as threefold in the cold months over those in the spring and summer. The increased winter transformation rates were associated with leaf-litter accumulation, which provided additional colonized surface area in the stream. Therefore, the increased colonized surface area more than compensated for the effects of temperature and water velocity (under conditions of mass-transport limitation) that otherwise would have reduced microbial transformation rates in the winter months.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 791-796 |
| Number of pages | 6 |
| Journal | Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry |
| Volume | 5 |
| Issue number | 9 |
| State | Published - 1986 |
| Externally published | Yes |
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Keywords
- Biodegradation
- Herbicides
- Microbial transformation
- Seasonal effects
- Temperature effects
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Toxicology
- Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
- Environmental Chemistry
- Environmental Science(all)
Cite this
Seasonal effects on microbial transformation rates of an herbicide in a freshwater stream : Application of laboratory data to a field site. / Lewis, David L.; Freeman, Leonard F.; Watwood, Maribeth E.
In: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, Vol. 5, No. 9, 1986, p. 791-796.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Seasonal effects on microbial transformation rates of an herbicide in a freshwater stream
T2 - Application of laboratory data to a field site
AU - Lewis, David L.
AU - Freeman, Leonard F.
AU - Watwood, Maribeth E
PY - 1986
Y1 - 1986
N2 - Seasonal effects on microbial transformation rates of an herbicide, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid butoxyethyl ester (2,4-DBE), in a freshwater stream were investigated using low concentrations (less than 100 μg L-1) of the herbicide mixed with an inert dye, rhodamine WT, to correct for dilution. Although water temperatures decreased from 22 ± 0.5 to 8.0 ± 0.5 °C and water velocities decreased from 0.09 ± 0.01 to 0.03 ± 0.003 m s-1, microbial transformation rates, as indicated by pseudo-first-order transformation rate coefficients, increased as much as threefold in the cold months over those in the spring and summer. The increased winter transformation rates were associated with leaf-litter accumulation, which provided additional colonized surface area in the stream. Therefore, the increased colonized surface area more than compensated for the effects of temperature and water velocity (under conditions of mass-transport limitation) that otherwise would have reduced microbial transformation rates in the winter months.
AB - Seasonal effects on microbial transformation rates of an herbicide, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid butoxyethyl ester (2,4-DBE), in a freshwater stream were investigated using low concentrations (less than 100 μg L-1) of the herbicide mixed with an inert dye, rhodamine WT, to correct for dilution. Although water temperatures decreased from 22 ± 0.5 to 8.0 ± 0.5 °C and water velocities decreased from 0.09 ± 0.01 to 0.03 ± 0.003 m s-1, microbial transformation rates, as indicated by pseudo-first-order transformation rate coefficients, increased as much as threefold in the cold months over those in the spring and summer. The increased winter transformation rates were associated with leaf-litter accumulation, which provided additional colonized surface area in the stream. Therefore, the increased colonized surface area more than compensated for the effects of temperature and water velocity (under conditions of mass-transport limitation) that otherwise would have reduced microbial transformation rates in the winter months.
KW - Biodegradation
KW - Herbicides
KW - Microbial transformation
KW - Seasonal effects
KW - Temperature effects
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=46149138200&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=46149138200&partnerID=8YFLogxK
M3 - Article
VL - 5
SP - 791
EP - 796
JO - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry
JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry
SN - 0730-7268
IS - 9
ER -