Abstract
The use of prescribed fire is expected to increase in an effort to reduce the risk of catastrophic fire, particularly at urban/forest interfaces. Fire is a well-known source of particulate matter (PM) with particle sizes ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5), small diameter PM known to affect climate, visibility, and human health. In this work, PM2.5 was collected during seven first-entry burns (flaming and smoldering stages) and one maintenance burn of the Coconino National Forest. Samples were analyzed for organic and elemental carbon, cations (sodium, potassium [K+], and ammonium [NH 4+]), anions (nitrate [NO3-] and sulfate), and 48 elements (with atomic weights between sodium and lead). The PM2.5 contained high organic carbon levels (typically >90% by mass), commonly observed ions (K+, NH4+, and NO3-) and elements (K+, chlorine, sulfur, and silicon), as well as titanium and chromium. Flaming produced higher K + and NH4+ levels than smoldering, and the elemental signature was more complex (20 versus 7 elements). Average organic carbon × 1.4 mass fractions (± standard deviation) were lower during flaming (92 ± 14%) than during smoldering (124 ± 24%). The maintenance (grassland) burn produced lower particle concentrations, lower NH4+ and NO3- levels, and higher K and chlorine levels than did the first-entry fires.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 1112-1123 |
| Number of pages | 12 |
| Journal | Journal of the Air and Waste Management Association |
| Volume | 54 |
| Issue number | 9 |
| State | Published - 2004 |
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ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Atmospheric Science
- Waste Management and Disposal
- Environmental Engineering
- Environmental Science(all)
- Environmental Chemistry
Cite this
Chemical speciation of PM2.5 collected during prescribed fires of the Coconino National Forest near Flagstaff, Arizona. / Robinson, Marin S; Chavez, Jesus; Velazquez, Sergio; Jayanty, R. K M.
In: Journal of the Air and Waste Management Association, Vol. 54, No. 9, 2004, p. 1112-1123.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Chemical speciation of PM2.5 collected during prescribed fires of the Coconino National Forest near Flagstaff, Arizona
AU - Robinson, Marin S
AU - Chavez, Jesus
AU - Velazquez, Sergio
AU - Jayanty, R. K M
PY - 2004
Y1 - 2004
N2 - The use of prescribed fire is expected to increase in an effort to reduce the risk of catastrophic fire, particularly at urban/forest interfaces. Fire is a well-known source of particulate matter (PM) with particle sizes ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5), small diameter PM known to affect climate, visibility, and human health. In this work, PM2.5 was collected during seven first-entry burns (flaming and smoldering stages) and one maintenance burn of the Coconino National Forest. Samples were analyzed for organic and elemental carbon, cations (sodium, potassium [K+], and ammonium [NH 4+]), anions (nitrate [NO3-] and sulfate), and 48 elements (with atomic weights between sodium and lead). The PM2.5 contained high organic carbon levels (typically >90% by mass), commonly observed ions (K+, NH4+, and NO3-) and elements (K+, chlorine, sulfur, and silicon), as well as titanium and chromium. Flaming produced higher K + and NH4+ levels than smoldering, and the elemental signature was more complex (20 versus 7 elements). Average organic carbon × 1.4 mass fractions (± standard deviation) were lower during flaming (92 ± 14%) than during smoldering (124 ± 24%). The maintenance (grassland) burn produced lower particle concentrations, lower NH4+ and NO3- levels, and higher K and chlorine levels than did the first-entry fires.
AB - The use of prescribed fire is expected to increase in an effort to reduce the risk of catastrophic fire, particularly at urban/forest interfaces. Fire is a well-known source of particulate matter (PM) with particle sizes ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5), small diameter PM known to affect climate, visibility, and human health. In this work, PM2.5 was collected during seven first-entry burns (flaming and smoldering stages) and one maintenance burn of the Coconino National Forest. Samples were analyzed for organic and elemental carbon, cations (sodium, potassium [K+], and ammonium [NH 4+]), anions (nitrate [NO3-] and sulfate), and 48 elements (with atomic weights between sodium and lead). The PM2.5 contained high organic carbon levels (typically >90% by mass), commonly observed ions (K+, NH4+, and NO3-) and elements (K+, chlorine, sulfur, and silicon), as well as titanium and chromium. Flaming produced higher K + and NH4+ levels than smoldering, and the elemental signature was more complex (20 versus 7 elements). Average organic carbon × 1.4 mass fractions (± standard deviation) were lower during flaming (92 ± 14%) than during smoldering (124 ± 24%). The maintenance (grassland) burn produced lower particle concentrations, lower NH4+ and NO3- levels, and higher K and chlorine levels than did the first-entry fires.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=4844230748&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=4844230748&partnerID=8YFLogxK
M3 - Article
C2 - 15468664
AN - SCOPUS:4844230748
VL - 54
SP - 1112
EP - 1123
JO - Journal of the Air and Waste Management Association
JF - Journal of the Air and Waste Management Association
SN - 1096-2247
IS - 9
ER -